The article explores the impact of trade wars and trade talks on global economies. The researchers found that optimal tariffs average 62 percent, while tariffs in a worldwide trade war average 63 percent. The breakdown of international trade policy cooperation could lead to government welfare losses of 2.9 percent. On the other hand, future multilateral trade negotiations could potentially result in government welfare gains of 0.5 percent. The study uses a unified framework to analyze traditional, new trade, and political economy motives for protection.