Scientists have been working on turning a substance called 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into useful materials using natural processes instead of harsh chemicals. By transforming HMF using bacteria or other living things, they were able to make valuable chemical compounds like 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 2,5-diformylfuran. This bioconversion process is environmentally friendly and has great potential for creating bio-based products from renewable sources. The researchers looked into recent developments in this biotransformation of HMF and identified areas for improvement to make the process more cost-effective and easy to do on a larger scale in the future.