In the 1960s, Japan figured out how to open up trade even when it caused winners and losers. The government and leaders of the LDP persuaded lawmakers to back trade changes using two methods. Firstly, they timed the changes to make Upper-House members happy. Secondly, they made extra payments to Lower-House members. This worked because there were different numbers of voters in each House. The strategy helped the government get support from legislators for trade shifts in Japan after World War II.