The article examines human development in Orissa by using different indices. The Human Development Index (HDI) measures life expectancy, literacy, and standard of living. The Gender-related Development Index (GDI) focuses on female aspects of development. The Human Poverty Index (HPI) looks at vulnerability to early death, illiteracy, and living standards. Based on these indices, districts in Orissa are classified as very backward, backward, developing, or developed.