Ecosystem services are the benefits people get from nature, helping us understand our connection to the environment and plan environmental rules. By focusing on the water-related services nature provides, we can see how ecosystems help us. This study shows ways to evaluate the value of ecosystem services, even when not measured in money, to help with decisions about using resources and changing the land and seas. The researchers talk about different services from ecosystems and how they compare at different scales. They suggest ways to protect ecosystem services through policies and show examples of how land can be managed using these ideas. Overall, this research aims to guide practical decisions about nature and highlight areas for future study to keep improving how we use and value ecosystems.