The article discusses how income inequality has changed over time in the UK and the US, and how tax policies have influenced this. By using a complex economic model, the researchers found that fairer taxes could lead to better economic growth and more equal income distribution. However, they also discovered that there is a trade-off between growth and equality, and that short-term tax reforms may not always help in the long run. Ultimately, the study shows that a growing economy is essential for increasing consumption and overall well-being for all households.