Global competition and tech advancements drive down unemployment rates dramatically.
The NAIRU, which is the unemployment rate that keeps inflation stable, changes over time. By analyzing past inflation rates and economic shocks, researchers found that the NAIRU for the GDP deflator has varied between 5.4% and 6.5% over the last forty years. The most recent estimate is 5.6%. Recent decreases in the NAIRU are due to factors like global competition, immigration, and lower prices for electronics.