The study looked at changes in soil properties in a mountainous area in China from 2007 to 2017. They found that soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and pH levels increased over time. Areas with high elevation had lower organic matter and phosphorus but higher potassium. Soil texture affected organic matter and potassium in 2007 but not in 2017. Cropping systems impacted all soil properties in 2007 but only potassium in 2017. The findings suggest that topography, cropping practices, and acid rain influence soil health, and efforts should be made to reduce soil acidity, phosphorus content, and erosion through better water management.