The COVID-19 crisis has changed how people shop, with more turning to online shopping. Researchers looked at credit card data to see if this trend will continue after the pandemic. They found that people who already shopped online before COVID-19 increased their online spending or switched completely from offline to online shopping. Some new online shoppers emerged during the pandemic, but not significantly more than before. Younger people were more likely to switch to online shopping than older people. Overall, it's unlikely that a large number of people made permanent changes to online shopping habits during the pandemic.