The Rehnquist Judiciary and Congress are in a debate about the limits of federal judicial power. The Judiciary is restricting Congress's ability to create new federal rights, and judges are being told not to create remedies without explicit permission. The Judiciary is also trying to influence Congress to limit granting such permission. This is a shift from the past, where judges did not comment on who should access federal courts. The current Chief Justice wants Congress to presume against creating new rights enforced through federal courts.