Cities in the Middle East are facing challenges due to rapid urban growth and social, economic, and political struggles. These cities are experiencing transformations in architecture and urban planning, while also dealing with environmental degradation, conflicts, and refugee crises. The focus has shifted from just the physical aspects of cities to also include the social and cultural aspects of urban life. Urban areas are seen as places of diversity, tolerance, and social interaction, but also face issues like political instability and economic uncertainty. The research highlights the importance of understanding both the physical form and cultural life of cities in order to address the complex challenges they face.