The report describes the climate, surface water, and near-surface groundwater in the Forsmark area for a nuclear waste repository. Groundwater is shallow, with levels close to the surface, leading to interactions between evaporation, soil moisture, and groundwater. The topography creates small-scale groundwater flow systems in surface deposits, with differences in groundwater levels between till and bedrock. Lakes and wetlands play a crucial role in groundwater discharge, with sediment composition affecting water movement. Some lakes can even recharge groundwater.