Antibiotic resistance is a big problem worldwide, affecting human health. Misusing antibiotics in medicine, farming, and food production has spread resistance. Wastewater treatment plants and the environment are hotspots for resistance. To fight this, scientists are using metagenomics to track resistance genes in different environments. Metagenomics is a new tool that helps identify resistance genes in various places. By using targeted sequencing, scientists can map out resistance genes more accurately.