The researchers studied how different conditions like pH, salinity, temperature, light, and photoperiod affect pigment production in a type of green microalgae called Dunaliella salina. They found that under specific optimized conditions (pH 7, salinity 37 PSU, temperature 23°C, 12 hours of light and dark, and light intensity of 200 μ mol m2 s−1), the algae produced significantly more chlorophylls, carotenoids, and β-carotene compared to normal conditions. This means that by controlling these factors, we can increase the production of valuable pigments in these microalgae.