The researchers studied using earthworms to turn waste from the natural gas industry into fertilizer. They mixed the waste with cow dung in different ratios and observed how the earthworms reacted over 6 weeks. The earthworms did best in mixtures with less waste, and the quality of the fertilizer improved during the process. The researchers found that the mixture with 20% waste was the most suitable for agricultural use, as it had lower harmful effects on plants and cells. This shows that the waste can be turned into good fertilizer through vermicomposting.