The article discusses the best ways to reduce the harmful carbon emissions that cause climate change. It suggests that using a carbon tax is the most effective approach with the least negative impact on the economy. This tax should depend on just three factors, making it easier for governments to implement. Another method mentioned is providing subsidies to renewable energy sources, like solar and wind power. These subsidies are helpful when there are extra benefits, such as improving technology or skills. However, if not done carefully, these subsidies could end up creating problems by increasing overall emissions.