The Chinese government has been focusing on improving rural areas, agriculture, and farmers' lives to make China more prosperous. They have undergone three major reforms since 1978 to change how rural areas are managed and operated. The latest reform, the comprehensive rural reform, aims to reshape rural governance, government functions, and public finance. This reform is a complex process that includes restructuring rural politics, economics, and public services to bridge the gap between urban and rural areas. Understanding the key mechanisms of this reform is crucial for its successful implementation and evaluation.