Currency unions crumble when inflation gaps widen and trade dries up.
Currency unions can break apart for various reasons. A study looked at data from 1948 to 1997 and found that unions tend to dissolve when there is a big difference in inflation rates between member countries, when a country in the union stops trading internationally, or when there is a change in a member's political status. However, overall, economic factors don't predict currency union breakups well.