The study looked at how different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density affect the leaves, photosynthesis, and yield of super hybrid rice. They found that the combination of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer had a big impact on leaf area, photosynthesis, and yield. Lower planting density and nitrogen fertilizer amount helped increase leaf area, while higher density and fertilizer amount boosted photosynthesis. The best yield was achieved with high fertilizer amount and density. The number of panicles per plant was crucial for high yield, and increasing planting density was key to getting a good yield with the right amount of nitrogen fertilizer.