The scientists developed a new method to estimate the ecological water level of Lake Poyang by analyzing years of water level data. They identified key indicators from natural water level patterns to create a more detailed ecological water level for the lake. By focusing on factors like duration, timing, and rate of change of high and low water levels, they were able to better represent the lake's ecosystem health. Using this new method, they estimated the ecological water level intervals for Lake Poyang from 1952 to 2000, which can help guide decisions on managing the lake's ecology and water resources.