The researchers studied how different amounts of seeds and fertilizers affect the growth and yield of dual-purpose wheat. They tested four wheat varieties and six combinations of seed rates and fertilizers. They found that using 125 kg/ha of seeds with 130% RDF fertilizer resulted in the highest plant population, dry matter accumulation, plant height, leaf area index, total tillers, and grain yield. This combination performed better than other seed and fertilizer combinations tested. Overall, the wheat variety WH 1105 sown at 125 kg/ha seed rate with 130% RDF had the highest grain yield compared to other varieties and treatments.