The article discusses how managing public debt is important for countries like Pakistan. When the government borrows money instead of raising taxes, it creates a debt that needs to be managed properly. If not managed well, this debt can become a big problem and slow down the country's growth. In Pakistan, the debt has been mismanaged, leading to sustainability issues. However, recent efforts to restructure the debt have shown some improvements in the short term. By better managing the debt, the country hopes to increase investments and promote growth.