The study used satellite data and GIS to track changes in tree plantations in Fagita Lekoma District, Ethiopia from 1986 to 2019. They found that forest cover expanded by over 200%, while cultivated land and wetlands decreased. The main drivers of these changes were population growth, tree plantation expansion, and agriculture. The impact of these changes on the area's livelihoods was significant, with a decrease in productive farmland and the introduction of Acacia decurrens.