The article discusses how using fossil fuels has led to a rise in harmful carbon emissions, and how switching to renewable energy sources like wind and solar power can help combat global warming. It explains that renewable energy is cost-effective when the costs of different sources are equal, and that investing in more expensive sources like solar power can make other renewable options more feasible. The research suggests that transitioning to renewable energy will be more affordable through energy conservation rather than just producing more energy. Public policy may be needed to make this transition happen quickly enough to prevent the worst effects of climate change.