Researchers investigated how different types of forest vegetation impact soil erosion and sediment generation using simulated rainfall. They studied five runoff plots with various forest types and spacing in Beijing. Forest vegetation reduced soil erosion and sediment yield significantly. However, it did not greatly limit runoff. Higher rainfall intensity reduced runoff reduction in forest plots. They found that pine forest with 1 x 1 m spacing was most effective for soil and water conservation compared to other forest types. Rainfall intensity influenced runoff and sediment generation more than erosion. This study shows that forest vegetation can help reduce soil erosion and sediment but may have limited effectiveness in controlling runoff.