The article discusses how regionalism and globalization have been important topics in academic and political discussions since the 1990s. It looks at the different waves of regionalism, comparing Europe and Southeast Asia. The researchers suggest a new way to analyze and compare regionalism, focusing on the connections between regional developments, globalization, and international order. Key points include traditional and new approaches to regionalism, regional identities in Europe and East Asia, and the impact of the Cold War on regionalism.