The article establishes models to understand how pollution affects environmental quality. It categorizes the relationship into four types based on pollutant discharge and environmental quality levels. The study used data from 2005 and 2010 to validate the models, finding that most regions in China have high pollutant discharge and low environmental quality. The environmental quality index was generally higher than the pollutant discharge index, indicating a need to reduce pollution levels. This research suggests that China needs to focus on reducing pollutant discharge to improve environmental quality.