The researchers studied how a protein called AtADF1 in plants binds to actin, a key component of cell structure. They made mutations in AtADF1 to see how it affects its function. They found that specific amino acids in AtADF1 are crucial for binding to actin, which is important for controlling actin organization in plant cells. Mutations in these amino acids affected the growth of plant seedlings. This shows that AtADF1 plays a vital role in regulating actin structure and plant development.