The article challenges the idea that perfect competition is the best model for economic efficiency. It argues that large corporations can be highly productive, offering low prices to consumers while paying employees well and providing dividends to shareholders. The researchers explore the history of industrial development to show that the focus on perfect competition ignores how modern economies actually work. They propose a theory of innovative enterprise to explain how firms drive productivity growth. Traditional economic theories that prioritize shareholder value are criticized for enabling corporate plundering by financial predators.