Consumers' optimal search behavior leads to price diversity in markets.
The study shows that when consumers search for products one at a time with costs, all firms will charge the same high price. However, when consumers search for multiple products, firms can charge different prices, leading to price variation. The research demonstrates that price differences between firms are influenced by how consumers search, with prices approaching competitive levels as search costs decrease. Changes in consumer demand impact prices through changes in search behavior rather than directly affecting prices.