The researchers studied how different farming methods in the Ukrainian Carpathians affect biodiversity. They wanted to see which farming practices are best for both the environment and the economy. By looking at data collected from surveys in the area, they used a method called Data Envelopment Analysis to figure out which farming techniques were most efficient. They found that some traditional farming practices are better for biodiversity than others. This helps show how farming can be done in a way that benefits nature while still being economically efficient.