The theory of stepwise ecological restoration (STERE) suggests different approaches for restoring ecosystems based on their level of degradation. It includes environmental remediation for heavily polluted areas, ecological rehabilitation for moderately degraded ecosystems, and natural restoration for slightly degraded ones. By following these steps, ecosystems can recover their functions, increase biodiversity, and become more resilient. The key is to set appropriate restoration goals, use reference ecosystems, and monitor progress closely. STERE emphasizes the importance of considering local conditions and adapting to climate change for successful restoration projects.