The Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus causes a deadly disease in giant freshwater prawns, leading to high mortality rates in young prawns and economic losses for aquaculture farms. Scientists studied the virus's structure and how it infects prawns, finding that adult prawns are immune to the virus. They use techniques like PCR and in situ hybridization to detect infected prawn populations. To prevent outbreaks, biosecurity measures and vaccinations are crucial. Future research aims to create shrimp cell models, understand protein changes after infection, and develop treatments for infected prawns.