The study looks at how uncertainty in financial markets affects wealth and consumption inequality. By using a model, the researchers found that differences in saving behavior between rich and poor people are influenced by the ability to save money that can't be easily accessed during emergencies. They also discovered that having access to risky investments and being more risk-averse can lead to greater consumption inequality over time. However, borrowing against savings can help prevent this inequality from growing. This research helps explain why poorer individuals tend to save less and suggests that social programs could help them catch up with wealthier individuals.