Air pollution in the Pearl River Delta region of China has decreased over the years, with sulfur dioxide levels dropping significantly. Coastal areas have cleaner air due to ocean influences. Winter sees the worst pollution due to poor dispersion conditions. Meteorological factors like air pressure and humidity affect pollution levels. Areas with less pollution are more affected by weather. Foshan and Guangzhou are hotspots for pollution and nighttime lights. The study helps identify regions needing urgent air pollution control measures.