The study looked at how water and heat move between a river and the ground below. By using field data and computer models, researchers found that the flow of water and heat in the riverbed is complex and changes with the river's water level. They discovered that the temperature in the riverbed changes throughout the day, with some areas having constant temperatures while others fluctuate. The computer model they created accurately represented these patterns, showing that the exchange of water and heat between the river and the ground varies a lot in different places and times.