The article explores how carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels is a major cause of greenhouse gas emissions. It shows how international agreements like the Kyoto Protocol led to the creation of carbon trading systems worldwide, including in India. The researchers study India's efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through policies like the National Action Plan on Climate Change and the Renewable Energy Certificate trading system. They highlight both the benefits and challenges of these approaches. By reviewing these policies, the article aims to help governments, businesses, and researchers understand how India is addressing carbon emissions and promoting renewable energy.