Gender gaps in employment and earnings in Eswatini were studied using data from labor market surveys. Women in Eswatini have lower employment rates and earnings compared to men, with self-employment showing higher gender earnings gaps than wage employment. Tertiary education and living in urban areas contribute to the gender earnings gap, but can also help reduce inequalities. Policies supporting female education and rural-urban mobility could improve labor market outcomes in Eswatini and other similar countries in southern Africa.