Financial inclusion means giving financial services to those who were left out before. In India, many people don't have access to banking services. Microfinance is a popular way to fix this. There are different ideas about how to do this, and India is a good place to study because of its big population and different approaches. The article looks at how India compares to other countries in South Asia and BRICS. It also talks about the two main ways of doing microfinance and why people in India borrow money at high interest rates.