Genetic variability in bottle gourd F2 generation was studied for yield traits. Crosses like Pusa Sandesh x Arka Bahar showed better performance. Variation in traits like vine length and fruit yield was influenced by both genetics and environment. Fruit yield per vine is mainly controlled by additive genes, making it suitable for simple selection. Other traits like number of nodes per vine have a mix of additive and non-additive gene effects, limiting direct selection for improvement.