The Miri Formation in Sarawak has distinct layers of sand and clay that are studied at the Miri Hospital Road outcrop. By closely examining the sedimentary sections, researchers identified 18 different types of sandstone and shale layers, each with unique characteristics like cross-bedding and bioturbation. The layers change from shale-dominated at the bottom to more sandy at the top, with various patterns and structures observed throughout the outcrop. This detailed logging helps understand the complex relationships between the different layers in the Miri Formation.