The researchers wanted to see if using organic and biological fertilizers, along with less chemical nitrogen fertilizer, could improve the quality and quantity of rice yield. They tested different treatments in a field experiment and found that a combination of nitrogen fertilizer, azolla compost, and vermicompost resulted in the highest grain yield. This treatment also increased panicle length and key yield components like the number of fertile tillers and filled grain number. The treatment with reduced nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizers was the most effective in increasing rice yield, showing potential for sustainable farming practices.