The researchers studied how different nutrient sources affect the growth of spring maize and basmati rice. They used organic manures like pressmud and vermicompost, along with various fertilizer levels. Results showed that pressmud and vermicompost increased maize yield compared to no organic manure. Maize yield was higher with pressmud than with farmyard manure. Using 100% RDF fertilizer level led to better maize growth. The residual effect of 100% RDF also improved basmati rice yield compared to lower fertilizer levels.