The article discusses how restoring degraded soil is crucial for sustainable crop production and food security. By using organic, inorganic, and bio fertilization methods, researchers found that soil health and nutrients can be improved. Adding plant residues and biochar helps replenish nutrients, while animal-based residues and manure enhance mineral and micronutrient levels in the soil. Overall, these methods can help restore soil organic matter and nutrients, leading to better soil quality for crop growth.