Pan Tian-shou was a prominent Chinese artist who combined traditional bird-and-flower painting with landscape painting to create a new artistic style. By blending these two techniques, he broke boundaries in traditional Chinese painting and brought a modern touch to his works. Pan Tian-shou's paintings featured powerful lines inspired by calligraphy and unique compositions that created a sense of presence and depth. His innovative approach to painting landscapes and incorporating elements of roughness and smoothness resulted in a harmonious co-existence between real and virtual elements in his art.