The article examines how different economic factors affect the standard of living in Malaysia from 1976 to 2015. They looked at things like population, GDP, taxes, unemployment, and household spending. The researchers found that only GDP and household spending didn't have a significant impact on the consumer price index. They also used a test called Granger Causality to see if there was a short or long-term relationship between the variables. The results showed that there is a short-term relationship, so they used another test called VAR to analyze the data further.