The study looked at how changes in how land is used in the Little Ruaha River area affect water flow and sediment levels. By using a computer model, the researchers found that as land use changes, there is more water runoff and sediment flowing into the river. This can lead to less water in the river during dry seasons, which can harm the plants and animals that rely on the river. The researchers suggest better planning for how land is used and using farming practices that protect the land to help keep the river healthy.