Population growth and city expansion in developing countries require new urban planning practices to combat climate change and meet Sustainable Development Goals. Smart and sustainable energy systems are crucial for future cities to be environmentally friendly. However, low-income developing countries like Afghanistan lack the necessary legal and policy frameworks for this. A framework has been proposed to integrate smart and sustainable energy into urban planning processes in these countries, specifically tailored to their challenges. This framework can help cities in low-income countries worldwide to make informed decisions for a sustainable future.