The study looked at how stress in coal pillars affects the safety of mining operations. By analyzing the stress distribution in lower coal seams and the impact of nearby coal pillars, researchers found that high stress levels can lead to instability and safety risks. They discovered that the horizontal and vertical stress under large coal pillars can reach up to 15.3 MPa, with significant effects up to 58 meters deep. When mining near these pillars, the pressure can increase significantly, leading to potential dangers. Understanding these stress patterns can help improve safety measures in coal mining operations.