The researchers studied the diversity of saprophytic flies in the Amazon forest to understand how they are distributed across different areas. They found that the larger scale of 10 to 100 km had a bigger impact on the overall diversity than smaller scales. The diversity of flies within specific areas influenced the overall diversity. The distance between locations did not significantly affect the differences in fly species. This suggests that environmental factors play a bigger role in shaping fly communities than random chance. The study provides important insights into how flies are distributed in both natural and human-impacted environments in the Amazon.